EPA versus DHA: Duet, or solo performer(s)?

Abstract: In most foods and supplements, eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) occur together; therefore, most of the research to date has focused on the combined supplementation of both. From a biochemical perspective these fatty acids differ in structure; from a physiological perspective EPA and DHA are found in different parts of the body; and from a metabolic perspective, they are handled differently by the body after consumption. Furthermore, in clinical research, we typically see more studies about EPA related to heart health, and more studies about DHA related to brain health. Given the importance of both in optimal body functioning, it would be hard to preferentially choose one fatty acid over the other. The Global Organization for EPA and DHA Omega-3s (GOED) Clinical Study Database will be used to evaluate the research on EPA versus DHA. Additionally, results from recent randomized controlled trials evaluating EPA versus DHA will be discussed.